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history/modulor_3/20140129-165348.txt
editor : alpha [82.254.197.122] 2014/01/29 16:53:48 {div {@ style=" text-align:center; font:bold 3em georgia; text-shadow:0 0 8px black; color:white; "} modulor, feet & inches} {center [[modulor_0]] | [[modulor_1]] | [[modulor_2]] | [[modulor_3]] } _h3 3) architecture _p This "little modulor" can be applyed to architectural conception. A more thoroughly presentation could be seen here : [[RISC/GRAINS|http://marty.alain.free.fr/risc/?view=grains]]. _p Drawing with a pencil on a paper sheet or drawing with a mouse on a digital screen follows the same and unique principle : {center {b "choose a grain according to the desired precision."}} _p The scale is irrelevant in this process, it can be 1/100, 1/50, 1/20 or even 1/1. It is notable that this process, traditional in free-hand drawing, can be transposed in the "Computer Aided Design". {u Rather than using a keyboard to position and dimension the elements of a drawing, the best grain (30cm, 2.5cm or another "relevant" one) has to be chosen according to the desired precision, i.e. the "grain" will be the GCD (Greatest Commun Divisor) of all the dimensions. The cursor's diplacements are constrained to finite steps and with the help of the mouse's feedback, precise drawings can be done easily, in a hand drawing style.} _p It is nothing but an old drawing style transposed into modern tools, it is as simple as that ! I give a few examples below. _h6 1) an office building _p The conception of the buildings (1989) shown below has been based on the simple set {b [30|2.5]}. As it can be seen on the 5 levels office building, the picture on the left shows a first draft drawn on a 30cm ≠ 1' grain, and the picture on the center shows a more precise step drawn on a 2.5c= ≠ 1" grain. The picture at the right shows how a Fibonacci spiral can be inserted in the building's facade, with a little help of a hammer ... {center {show {@ src="data/modulor/trame.jpg" height="120" width="1000" title="Using 30cm ≠ 1 foot / Alain Marty architect"}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/detail.jpg" height="120" width="1000" title="Using 2.5cm ≠ 1 inch / Alain Marty architect"}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/palacio_fibonacci.jpg" height="120" width="1000" title="The Fibonacci spiral inserted with a hammer in the building's facade. The owner was my Apple Macintosh 128 dealer ..."}} } _p Note that the building was designed in year 1988 on an Apple Macintosh+ (µProc at 8MHz, 1024kb ram, 2 floppy disks 400kb, screen 512/342 N&B, ImageWriter II A4 format) with Fullpaint (a kind of MacPaint+). No Autocad on a powerful CAD station ! Nothing but a painting tool for a child ... and the {b [30|2.5]} method. _h6 2) an individual house _p Another example : [[NYLS|http://marty.alain.free.fr/am/?view=nyls]], a small house (2001) composed on the 30cm ≠ 1' modulus, a very simple plan and section. A child could have design this house with [[LEGO blocks|http://creative.lego.com/fr-fr/default.aspx?icmp=COFRFR17BricksMore]]. {center {show {@ src="data/modulor/nyls_plan_coupe.jpg" height="190" width="1000" title="A small house composed on the 30cm ≠ 1' modulus, a very simple plan and section | Alain Marty architect"}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/nyls_1.jpg" height="190" width="1000" title="The house, a pool and the Catalan Canigou mountain in the distance"}} } _h6 3) a (virtual) temple _p The set {b [30|2.5]} is one of several other choices. It could be : {b [52.5|2.5]}, as it is shown below for the project of temple based on big limestone blocs ([[Pierre du Gard|http://www.pierredupontdugard.com/]]) whose dimensions are H = 210cm ≠ 7', L = 105cm ≠ 3.5' ≠ 3'+6", E = 52.5cm ≠ 1'+9", or 4M/2M/1M with M = 52.5cm. The Sketchup 3D model has been easily and quickly built on this "grain" of 52.5cm. More can be seen [[here|http://ensam.wiki.free.fr/projetenchantier_20120206/?view=temple]]. {center {show {@ src="data/modulor/2_2_mix.jpg" height="130" width="1000" title="Project of a temple based on H:210/L:105/E:52.5 limestone blocs (Pierre du Gard)"}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/2_3_mix.jpg" height="130" width="1000" title="Project of a temple based on H:210/L:105/E:52.5 limestone blocs (Pierre du Gard)"}} } _h6 4) the Glenn Murcutt's Marika house _p Another example higlights the use of another couple {b [2.5cm|0.5cm]} to "decrypt the complex dimensionning of a wooden house built by the great architect [[Glenn Murcutt|http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn_Murcutt]]. Note that the sub-division under {b 2.5cm} is: {b 0.5cm} and not {b 1cm} ; do you see why ? After this work, the student was able to draw by hand (paper and pencil) the plan, a section and any perspective, straight from his mind. {center {show {@ src="data/modulor/ly_grain_de_25_plan.jpg" height="130" width="1000" title="The couple [2.5cm|0.5cm] was used to give a limit to the complex dimensionning of this wooden house, and to discover its basic composition."}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/ly_3D_Terrasse.jpg" height="130" width="1000" title="The Sketchup 3D model is the result of a true and precise dimensionning, not a quick and blurred sketch"}} } _p More to see about this study here : [[Lune Yann|http://ensam.wiki.free.fr/projetenchantier_20120206/?view=LUINE%20Yann]]. _h3 what about curves ? _p Such a strict orthogonal drawing system based on a grid looks fine on ... strict orthogonal architecture, isnt'it. But what about more complex and curved architectures ? That can't work, man ! Where could be found any orthogonal grid, any "grain" in such a sinuous shapes : {center {show {@ src="http://ensam.wiki.free.fr/ARCHIRISC_2010/data/TGV/hall.jpg" height="200" width="1000" title="TGV station in Avignon"}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/2.jpg" height="200" width="1000" title="A project from Serero architect ; I think this project was never built."}} } _p I will give a short answer given on a slightly simpler shape below : _ul 1) the most important thing to know is that {u the grid is not to be found in the shell's surface itself, but in its control points !} _ul 2) in the picture to the left below, a 10cm thick shell is built in Sketchup 3D ( to be precise, with a Ruby/pForms plugin, see page [[pForms]] ) on {b 15} control points positionned on a 30cm grid ; the {b 15} points are actually {b 5} parabolas controlled by {b 3} points ; _ul 3) given its 3 control points, each parabola is defined through a recursive process based on a simple {b division by 2}, as it can be seen in the picture to the right (with planks instead of cords). {center {show {@ src="data/modulor/shell_coque_1_.jpg" height="190" width="1000" title="In Sketchup 3D, with the Ruby/pFormes plugin, example of a 10cm thick shell built on 15 (5x3) control points distributed on a 30cm grid ; note that, contrary to the triangular represntation) the quadrangles are flat (no folded into two triangles) and so easier to assemble"}} {show {@ src="data/modulor/pL3_realisation.jpg" height="190" width="600" title="There is always this moment when you have to draw in site, far from Autocad, with simple and sharable gestures, with planks, cords and some stakes."}} } _p If you are able to find the middle of a cord stretched between two stakes, you are able to build this shape in space ! Witout AutoCad, straight from your mind ! _p More to see about curved shapes (Pascalian Forms) here : [[RISC/POLES|http://marty.alain.free.fr/risc/?view=poles]].